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HTTP status codes

by | Dec 22, 2024 | Linux

HTTP status codes are three-digit responses sent by a web server to indicate the outcome of a client’s request to the server. These codes help the client understand whether a request was successful, whether there was an error, or if further action is needed.

 

Status Code Category Description
1XX Informational Informational responses indicate that the request was received and understood, and further action is needed by the client.
100 Informational Continue: The client should continue with its request.
101 Informational Switching Protocols: The server is switching protocols as requested by the client.
102 Informational Processing: The server has received and is processing the request, but no response is available yet.
103 Informational Early Hints: Provides preliminary responses to the client before the final response is ready.
2XX Success Success codes indicate that the client’s request was successfully received, understood, and accepted.
200 Success OK: The request was successful, and the server returned the requested resource.
201 Success Created: A new resource was successfully created.
202 Success Accepted: The request has been accepted for processing but is not yet completed.
203 Success Non-Authoritative Information: The request was successful, but the information may come from a different source.
204 Success No Content: The request was successful, but there is no content to return.
205 Success Reset Content: The client should reset the view or form that sent the request.
206 Success Partial Content: The server is delivering only part of the resource due to a range header sent by the client.
207 Success Multi-Status: The response contains multiple status codes, used for WebDAV.
208 Success Already Reported: The members of a DAV binding have already been enumerated in a previous reply.
226 Success IM Used: The server fulfilled a GET request for the resource, and the response is a result of instance-manipulations applied to the current instance.
3XX Redirection Redirection codes indicate that further action needs to be taken by the client to complete the request.
300 Redirection Multiple Choices: The request has more than one possible response. The user-agent or user should choose one of them.
301 Redirection Moved Permanently: The resource has been permanently moved to a new URL.
302 Redirection Found: The resource is temporarily available at a different URL.
303 Redirection See Other: The client should retrieve the resource from another URI using a GET request.
304 Redirection Not Modified: The resource has not been modified since the last request, so the client can use the cached version.
307 Redirection Temporary Redirect: The resource is temporarily available at a different URI, and the request method should not change.
308 Redirection Permanent Redirect: The resource has been permanently moved to a new URI, and the request method should not change.
4XX Client Error Client error codes indicate that the client seems to have made an error in the request.
400 Client Error Bad Request: The server cannot process the request due to a client error (e.g., malformed syntax).
401 Client Error Unauthorized: Authentication is required to access the resource.
402 Client Error Payment Required: Reserved for future use.
403 Client Error Forbidden: The server understood the request but refuses to authorize it.
404 Client Error Not Found: The requested resource could not be found on the server.
405 Client Error Method Not Allowed: The request method is not supported for the requested resource.
406 Client Error Not Acceptable: The requested resource is capable of generating only content not acceptable according to the Accept headers sent in the request.
407 Client Error Proxy Authentication Required: The client must first authenticate itself with the proxy.
408 Client Error Request Timeout: The server timed out waiting for the request.
409 Client Error Conflict: The request could not be completed due to a conflict with the current state of the resource.
410 Client Error Gone: The resource requested is no longer available and will not be available again.
411 Client Error Length Required: The request did not specify the length of its content, which is required by the requested resource.
412 Client Error Precondition Failed: The server does not meet one of the preconditions that the requester put on the request.
413 Client Error Content Too Large: The request is larger than the server is willing or able to process.
414 Client Error URI Too Long: The URI provided was too long for the server to process.
415 Client Error Unsupported Media Type: The media format of the requested data is not supported by the server.
416 Client Error Range Not Satisfiable: The range specified by the Range header field in the request cannot be fulfilled.
417 Client Error Expectation Failed: The server cannot meet the requirements of the Expect request-header field.
421 Client Error Misdirected Request: The request was directed at a server that is not able to produce a response.
422 Client Error Unprocessable Content: The server understands the content type of the request entity, but was unable to process the contained instructions.
423 Client Error Locked: The resource that is being accessed is locked.
424 Client Error Failed Dependency: The request failed due to failure of a previous request.
425 Client Error Too Early: Indicates that the server is unwilling to risk processing a request that might be replayed.
426 Client Error Upgrade Required: The server refuses to perform the request using the current protocol but might be willing to do so after the client upgrades to a different protocol.
428 Client Error Precondition Required: The origin server requires the request to be conditional.
429 Client Error Too Many Requests: The user has sent too many requests in a given amount of time.
431 Client Error Request Header Fields Too Large: The server is unwilling to process the request because its header fields are too large.
451 Client Error Unavailable for Legal Reasons: The resource is unavailable due to a legal demand to deny access to it.
5XX Server Error Server error codes indicate that the server failed to fulfill a valid request.
500 Server Error Internal Server Error: The server encountered an unexpected condition, such as a misconfigured application or script error, that prevented it from fulfilling the request.
501 Server Error Not Implemented: The server does not support the functionality required to fulfill the request, often due to a missing module or unsupported method.
502 Server Error Bad Gateway: The server, while acting as a gateway or proxy, received an invalid response from an upstream server, often due to a reverse proxy or gateway issue.
503 Server Error Service Unavailable: The server is temporarily unable to handle the request due to temporary overloading or maintenance of the server.
504 Server Error Gateway Timeout: The server, acting as a gateway or proxy, did not receive a timely response from an upstream server or some other auxiliary server (e.g., DNS) it needed to access in order to complete the request.
505 Server Error HTTP Version Not Supported: The server does not support the HTTP protocol version used in the request.
506 Server Error Variant Also Negotiates: The server has an internal configuration error: the chosen variant resource is configured to engage in content negotiation itself, and is therefore not a proper endpoint in the negotiation process.
507 Server Error Insufficient Storage: The server is unable to store the representation needed to complete the request, often due to a lack of disk space.
508 Server Error Loop Detected: The server detected an infinite loop while processing a request with a resource, often due to circular references.
511 Server Error Network Authentication Required: The client needs to authenticate to gain network access, often required by captive portals.

Shared Client IP Pool for Email Sending

by | Dec 3, 2024 | Linux

A shared client pool is essential for email sending as it allows us to maintain a collection of IP addresses and resources that multiple clients can use. This approach optimizes resource management, ensures load balancing, and provides a stable service—especially for smaller senders or new customers who lack the email volume to justify their own dedicated IP.

Why Do We Need Shared Client Pools?
1. IP Pool Management

By pooling IP addresses, we can rotate and manage sending IPs effectively.
This prevents overloading any single IP, which could lead to deliverability issues.
Pooling also enables better management of sender reputation by distributing email traffic across different IPs.

2. Pre-Warmed Reputation

If the majority of senders follow good practices, the pool benefits from an established positive reputation.
Smaller senders or new accounts can achieve good deliverability without needing to build their own reputation from scratch.

3. Inconsistent and Low Volumes

Shared IP pools are ideal for clients with low or inconsistent email volumes.
ISPs like Yahoo, Microsoft, and Google deprioritize emails from low-volume or inconsistent IPs, making shared pools a more reliable option.

4. Warm-Up

Shared IPs are already warmed up and actively used, eliminating the need to gradually increase email volume as required for a dedicated IP.

5. Cost-Management

Dedicated IPs come with additional fees, whereas shared IP pools provide better deliverability at a lower cost.
Depending on one or two dedicated IPs increases the risk of deliverability issues, but shared pools distribute traffic across multiple IPs, mitigating that risk.

6. Reputation Management

A shared client pool helps maintain a consistent sender reputation.
We use shared reputation scores for IPs and domains, benefiting all clients by improving overall deliverability.

7. Minimize the Risk

Clients with similar sending patterns can be grouped together, minimizing risks and ensuring consistent deliverability across the shared pool.

Shared client pools are crucial for maintaining reliable email deliverability. They are especially beneficial for small or new senders by providing cost-effective, reputation-enhancing, and risk-reducing email sending solutions compared to dedicated IPs.

11-Email Email Metrics Calculator

by | Nov 22, 2024 | Linux

Email Metrics Calculator

Fill in the boxes below to calculate your metrics. Each input field corresponds to a value required for the calculation.

Email Metrics Calculator Formula:-

Delivery Rate: Delivery Rate = (Emails Delivered / Emails Sent) × 100
Bounce Rate: Bounce Rate = (Bounced Emails / Emails Sent) × 100
Open Rate: Open Rate = (Emails Opened / Emails Delivered) × 100
Click-Through Rate (CTR): CTR = (Unique Clicks / Emails Delivered) × 100
Click-to-Open Rate (CTOR): CTOR = (Unique Clicks / Unique Opens) × 100
Spam Complaint Rate: Spam Complaint Rate = (Spam Complaints / Emails Delivered) × 100
Unsubscribe Rate: Unsubscribe Rate = (Unsubscribes / Emails Delivered) × 100
Engagement Rate: Engagement Rate = (Unique Opens + Unique Clicks / Emails Delivered) × 100
Inbox Placement Rate (IPR): IPR = (Emails in Inbox / Emails Delivered) × 100
Email ROI: ROI = (Revenue from Campaign – Cost of Campaign / Cost of Campaign) × 100
Hard Bounce Rate: Hard Bounce Rate = (Hard Bounces / Emails Sent) × 100
Soft Bounce Rate: Soft Bounce Rate = (Soft Bounces / Emails Sent) × 100
Effective Delivery Rate: Effective Delivery Rate = (Emails Delivered – (Spam Complaints + Unsubscribes) / Emails Sent) × 100
Read Rate: Read Rate = (Emails Read / Emails Delivered) × 100
Forward/Share Rate: Forward/Share Rate = (Emails Forwarded or Shared / Emails Delivered) × 100
List Growth Rate: List Growth Rate = (New Subscribers – Unsubscribes – Bounced Emails / Total Subscribers) × 100
Retention Rate: Retention Rate = (Active Subscribers / Total Subscribers) × 100
Email Engagement Index (EEI): EEI = (Open Rate Weight × Open Rate + Click Rate Weight × Click Rate + Reply Rate Weight × Reply Rate)
Revenue Per Email Sent (RPE): RPE = Total Revenue from Campaign / Emails Sent
Conversion Rate: Conversion Rate = (Conversions / Emails Delivered) × 100
Engagement Score: Engagement Score = (Opens + Clicks + Replies / Emails Delivered)
Spam Rate: Spam Rate = (Emails Marked as Spam / Emails Sent) × 100
Reactivation Rate: Reactivation Rate = (Reactivated Subscribers / Total Inactive Subscribers) × 100
Churn Rate: Churn Rate = (Unsubscribes + Complaints / Total Subscribers) × 100
Average Revenue Per Subscriber (ARPS): ARPS = Total Revenue / Total Subscribers
Engagement Drop-off Rate: Engagement Drop-off Rate = (Unsubscribes + Inactive Users / Total Subscribers) × 100
Reply Rate: Reply Rate = (Replies / Emails Delivered) × 100